Modulation Transfer Function Extraction and Parametric Effects
Keywords:
Optical transfer function, modulation transfer function, image chain simulation, imaging, image sensors, image sampling, image resolution, image restoration, Wiener filteringAbstract
We compute the optical transfer function and corresponding satellite image estimate in order to test validity of our modulation transfer function (MTF) extraction algorithms. The test targets allow MTF computation by using slanted edge and sine wave star patterns. Comparison of extracted MTFs with the input ones yields 0.013% mean squared error for the slanted edge method and less error for the sine wave star method. Various factors affect the extracted MTF results such as slanted edge angle, noise level, image restoration level, region of interest selection and oversampling factor. We investigated effect of each factor on the MTF extraction performance.
Downloads
References
A. C. Bergstrom, D. W. Messinger, Image quality and computer vision performance: assessing the effects of image distortions and modeling performance relationships using the general image quality equation, Journal of Electronic Imaging 32(2), 023018 (2023).
C. N. Reinhardt, Z. P. Ritsema, J. W. Clark, D. V. Opel, B. E. Young, and B. P. Teaney, “Enhanced physics-based modeling of the electrooptical/infrared observation chain,” in Proc. SPIE, pp. 121060C, 2022.
S. Reichenbach, S. Park, and R. Narayanswamy, Characterizing digital image acquisition devices, Optical Engineering 30(2), 170-177 (1991).
[R. Barakat, Determination of the Optical Transfer Function Directly from the Edge Spread Function Journal of the Optical Society of America 55, 1217-1221 (1965).
B. Tatian, Method for Obtaining the Transfer Function from the Edge Response Function, Journal of the Optical Society of America 55, 1014-1019 (1965).
J. K. M. Roland, “A study of slanted-edge MTF stability and repeatability,” in Image quality and system performance XII, SPIE, 2015, pp. 181-189.
K. B. Alici, “Spatial resolution and modulation transfer function analyses for satellite imaging,” in 11th Ankara International Aerospace Conference, 8-10 Sep. 2021, Ankara, 2021, pp. AIAC-2021-136.
D. Williams, “Benchmarking of the ISO 12233 slanted-edge spatial frequency response plug-in,” in PICS, 1998, pp. 133-136.
T. Newswander, D. W. Riesland, D. Miles, and L. Reinhart, “Slanted edge MTF testing for establishing focus alignment at infinite conjugate of space optical systems with gravity sag effects,” in Astronomical Optics: Design, Manufacture, and Test of Space and Ground Systems, 2017, pp. 163-173.
K. Masaoka, Edge-based modulation transfer function measurement method using a variable oversampling ratio, Optics Express 29, 37628-37638 (2021).
A. Tzannes and J. Mooney, Measurement of the modulation transfer function of infrared cameras, Optical Engineering 34(6), 1808-1817 (1995).
T. Li, H. Feng, and Z. Xu, A new analytical edge spread function fitting model for modulation transfer function measurement, Chinese Optics Letters 9, 031101 (2011).
K. Masaoka, M. Sugawara, and Y. Nojiri, “Multidirectional MTF measurement of digital image acquisition devices using a Siemens star,” in Digital Photography VI, 2010, pp. 295-302.
C. R. Purcell, Remote sensing image performance metrics: Comparing ground sample distance and the national imagery interpretability rating scale. California State University, Long Beach: 2000.
C. Dickinson, An evaluation of the current state of digital photography. Rochester Institute of Technology, 1999.
M. Kameche and S. Benmostefa, In-flight MTF stability assessment of ALSAT-2A satellite, Advances in Space Research 58, 117-130 (2016).
J. Li and Z. Liu, Self-measurements of point-spread function for remote sensing optical imaging instruments, IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement 69, 3679-3686 (2019).
cS. P. Sadoulet and B. Taylor, Tilted edge for optical-transfer-function measurement, U.S. Patent No. 7518712, (2009).
M. Estribeau and P. Magnan, “Pixel crosstalk and correlation with modulation transfer function of CMOS image sensor,” in Sensors and Camera Systems for Scientific and Industrial Applications VI, 2005, pp. 98-108.
K. B. Alici, “Extraction of Modulation Transfer Function by using Simulated Satellite Images,” in 10th International Conference on Recent Advances in Space Technologies (RAST), 2023, pp. 1-5.
K. B. Alici, F. S. Oktem, O. Karci, A. S. Yilmaz, and O. Selimoglu, Image Chain Simulation for Earth Observation Satellites, IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing 12, 4014-4023, (2019).
K. B. Alici, O. Karci, A. S. Yilmaz, C. Ozdemir, F. S. Oktem, and O. Selimoglu, “OTF analysis of a spaceborne CMOS imaging sensor,” in 7th International Conference on Recent Advances in Space Technologies (RAST), 2017, pp. 133-138.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Journal of Aeronautics and Space Technologies
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
The manuscript with title and authors is being submitted for publication in Journal of Aeronautics and Space Technologies. This article or a major portion of it was not published, not accepted and not submitted for publication elsewhere. If accepted for publication, I hereby grant the unlimited and all copyright privileges to Journal of Aeronautics and Space Technologies.
I declare that I am the responsible writer on behalf of all authors.
